Keratoconus

What Causes Keratoconus Causes and Risk Factors? - What You Should Know in India?

Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition where the normally round cornea thins and begins to bulge into a cone-like shape. This short explains the factors that are thought to cause it.

Understanding the condition

In keratoconus, the cornea, which is the clear front surface of the eye, becomes weak.

• Loss of shape. The cornea is normally a smooth dome shape. In keratoconus, it thins and bulges outwards into a cone shape.
• Effect on vision. This change in shape prevents light from focusing correctly on the retina, which causes distorted and blurred vision.
• A progressive disease. The condition usually starts in the late teens or early twenties and can progress for 10 to 20 years before slowing.

Known causes and risk factors

The exact cause of keratoconus is not known. It is thought to be linked to a combination of factors.

• Genetic links. Keratoconus can run in families. Having a relative with the condition may increase your risk.
• Chronic eye rubbing. There is a strong link between vigorous, long-term eye rubbing and the development of keratoconus.
• Other medical conditions. It is more common in people with certain conditions, such as allergies, asthma, and some connective tissue disorders.
• Enzyme imbalance. Some research suggests that the corneas of people with keratoconus may have lower levels of protective antioxidants.

Whether a particular treatment is suitable for you depends on your individual circumstances. A final decision can only be made after a specialist has reviewed your medical reports and recent imaging.